| Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association | 07-869 | 11/03/2008 | 02/24/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 6-3 | John G. Roberts, Jr. | |
| Yeager v. U.S. | 08-67 | 03/23/2009 | 06/18/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | | 6-3 | John Paul Stevens | |
| Wyeth v. Levine | 06-1249 | 11/03/2008 | 03/04/2009 | Vermont Supreme Court | | 6-3 | John Paul Stevens | |
| Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council | 07-1239 | 10/08/2008 | 11/12/2008 | United States District Court for the Ninth Circuit | | 6-3 | John G. Roberts, Jr. | |
| Waddington v. Sarausad | 07-772 | 10/15/2008 | 01/21/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 6-3 | Clarence Thomas | |
| Vermont v. Brillon | 08-88 | 01/13/2009 | 03/09/2009 | Supreme Court of Vermont | | 7-2 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | |
| Van de Kamp v. Goldstein | 07-854 | 11/05/2008 | 01/26/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 9-0 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Vaden v. Discover Bank | 07-773 | 10/06/2008 | 03/09/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | | 7-2 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | |
| Union Pacific Railroad Co. v. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen General Committee of Adjustment | 08-604 | 10/07/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit | | | | |
| U.S. v. v. Denedo | 08-267 | 03/25/2009 | 06/08/2009 | Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces | | 6-3 | Anthony M. Kennedy | |
| U.S. v. Navajo Nation | 07-1410 | 02/23/2009 | 04/06/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | | 9-0 | Antonin Scalia | |
| U.S. v. Hayes | 07-608 | 11/10/2008 | 02/24/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | | 7-2 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | |
| U.S. v. Eurodif; USEC v. Eurodif | 07-1059, 07-1078 | 11/04/2008 | 01/26/2009 | United States Federal Circuit Court of Appeals | | 9-0 | David H. Souter | |
| Travelers Indemnity v. Bailey; Common Law Settlement Counsel v. Bailey | 08-295; 08-307 | 03/30/2009 | 06/18/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | | 7-2 | David H. Souter | |
| Summers v. Earth Island Institute | 07-463 | 10/08/2008 | 03/03/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 5-4 | Antonin Scalia | |
| Smith v. Spisak | 08-724 | 10/13/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | | | | |
| Shinseki v. Sanders | 07-1209 | 12/08/2008 | 04/21/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | | 6-3 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Salazar v. Buono | 08-472 | 10/07/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | | | |
| Safford United School District #1 v. Redding | 08-479 | 04/21/2009 | 06/25/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 8-1 | David H. Souter | |
| Rivera v. Illinois | 07-9995 | 02/23/2009 | 03/31/2009 | Supreme Court of Illinois | | 9-0 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | |
| Ricci v. DeStefano | 07-1428 | 04/22/2009 | 06/29/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | | 5-4 | Anthony M. Kennedy | |
| Reed Elvesier v. Muchnick | 08-203 | 10/07/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | | | | |
| Puckett v. U.S. | 07-9712 | 01/14/2009 | 03/25/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | | 7-2 | Antonin Scalia | |
| Polar Tankers v. City of Valdez | 08-310 | 04/01/2009 | 06/15/2009 | Supreme Court of Alaska | | 7-2 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum | 07-665 | 11/12/2008 | 02/25/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | | 9-0 | Samuel A. Alito, Jr. | |
| Philip Morris USA v. Williams | 07-1216 | 12/03/2008 | 03/31/2009 | Supreme Court of Oregon | | unsigned | | |
| Perdue v. Kenny | 08-970 | 10/14/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | | | | |
| Pearson v. Callahan | 07-751 | 10/14/2008 | 01/21/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | | 9-0 | Samuel A. Alito, Jr. | |
| Padilla v. Kentucky | 08-651 | 10/13/2009 | | Supreme Court of Kentucky | | | | |
| Pacific Bell Telephone Co. v. linkLine Communications | 07-512 | 12/08/2008 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 9-0 | John G. Roberts, Jr. | |
| Oregon v. Ice | 07-901 | 10/14/2008 | 01/14/2009 | Supreme Court of Oregon | | 5-4 | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | |
| Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District Number One v. Holder | 08-322 | 04/29/2009 | 06/22/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia | | 8-1 | John G. Roberts, Jr. | |
| Nken v. Holder | 08-681 | 01/21/2009 | 04/22/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | | 7-2 | John G. Roberts, Jr. | |
| Nijhawan v. Holder | 08-495 | | 06/15/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit | | 9-0 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Negusie v. Holder | 07-499 | 11/05/2008 | 03/03/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | | 8-1 | Anthony M. Kennedy | |
| Montejo v. Louisiana | 07-1529 | 01/13/2009 | 05/26/2009 | Supreme Court of Louisiana | | 5-4 | Antonin Scalia | |
| Montana v. Wyoming | 137 Original | | | Original | | | | |
| Mohawk Industries v. Carpenter | 08-678 | | | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | | | | |
| Ministry of Defense and Support for the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran v. Elahi | 07-615 | 01/12/2009 | 04/21/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 6-3 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts | 07-591 | 11/10/2008 | 06/25/2009 | Appeals Court of Massachusetts | | 5-4 | Antonin Scalia | |
| McDaniel v. Brown | 08-559 | 10/13/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | | | |
| Maryland v. Shatzer | 08-680 | | | Court of Appeals of Maryland | | | | |
| Locke v. Karass | 07-610 | 10/06/2008 | 01/21/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit | | 9-0 | Stephen G. Breyer | |
| Knowles v. Mirzayance | 07-1315 | 01/13/2009 | 03/24/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | | 9-0 | Clarence Thomas | |
| Kennedy v. DuPont Plan Administrator | 07-636 | 10/07/2008 | 01/26/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | | 9-0 | David H. Souter | |
| Kansas v. Ventris | 07-1356 | 01/21/2009 | 04/29/2009 | Supreme Court of Kansas | | 7-2 | Antonin Scalia | |
| Kansas v. Colorado | 105 Original | 12/01/2008 | 03/09/2009 | Original Supreme Court jurisdiction | | 9-0 | Samuel A. Alito, Jr. | |
| Jones v. Harris Associates | 08-586 | 11/02/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit | | | | |
| Johnson v. U.S. | 08-6925 | 10/06/2009 | | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | | | | |
| Jimenez v. Quarterman | 07-6984 | 11/04/2008 | 01/13/2009 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | | 9-0 | Clarence Thomas | |